In 2020, the USA released the Navigation and Vessel Inspection Circular (NVIC) 01-20, with the subject: "Guidelines for Addressing Cyber Risks at Maritime Transportation Security Act (MTSA) Regulated Facilities". According to the guidelines, the maritime industry continues to increase its use of cyber technology. Facility operators use computers and cyber-dependent technologies for communications, engineering, cargo control, environmental control, access control, passenger and cargo screening, and many other purposes.
In 2020, the United Kingdom Department for Transport released the updated Good Practice Guide: Cyber Security for Ports and Port Systems.This guide gives excellent advice to those involved in:
(a) the financial and operational management of the port or port facility;
(b) contractual arrangements with third parties;
(c) determining policies relating to acceptable staff behavior;
(d) the specification, design, construction, and maintenance of ports;
(e) the specification, design, development, integration, commissioning, operation, and maintenance of port systems, including associated software and technologies; and
(f) management of specific security tasks, including incident response and the handling of security breaches.
Examples of services and systems in maritime transport:
Examples of IT are those accessible to employees (e.g. personal computers, mobile phones, office peripherals, etc.) as well as passengers (e.g. public Wi-Fi routers and connections, etc.).
Examples of OT are Supervisory Controls and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, Global Positioning Systems (GPS) systems, access control, monitoring, surveillance, alarm response, screening technology, on-board navigation systems, SafeSeaNet, bridge systems, cargo handling and management systems, propulsion, and machinery management and power control systems, access control systems, passenger servicing, and management systems, passenger facing public networks, administrative and crew welfare systems, communication systems, and others.
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